UNIT 1

Measurements

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The particle have mass smaller of following is 11101035

(a) Electron (b) Proton

2. Study of physics deals with 11101036

(a) Laws of motion

(b) The structure of space and time

(d) All of above

3. Physics is a quantitative science based on primarily in 11101037

(a) Fundamental quantities

(b) Definition

(d) Description of facts

4. The branch of physics which deals with atomic nucleus is called 11101038

(a) Particle physics(b) Nuclear physics

5. The branch of physics which deals with structure and properties of solid is called 11101039

(a) Solid state physics

(b) Relativistic mechanics

(d) Wave mechanics

6. The products of Chips developed from the basics ideas of physics are11101040

(a) Radio network

(b) T.V Network

(d) None of these

7. Some concepts of static electricity were introduced by 11101041

(a) Chinese (b) Plato

8. Thermometer and temperature scale were firstly developed by

(a) Bernoulli (b) Kelvin 11101042

9. The velocity of light was accurately determined by 11101043

(a) Newton (b) Michelson

10. Neutron was discovered by 11101044

(a) Curie (b) Fermi

11. Transistor was invented by 11101045

(a) Edison (b) Bardeen

12. Nobel prize was awarded to Pakistani scientist 11101046

(a) Dr. Qadeer Khan

(b) Dr. Rafi Mohammad

(d) Prof. MujtabaKarim

13. X-rays were discovered by; 11101047

(a) J.J Thomson (b) Crooks

14. Physical quantities are often divided into; 11101048

(a) Two categories

(b) Three categories

(d) Five categories

15. The fundamental quantities which form the base for MKS system are11101049

(a) Mass, energy and time

(b) Mass, force and time

(d) Force, length and time

16. Supplementary SI units are 111010450

(a) Two (b) Three

17. SI unit for solid angle is 11101051

(a) Degree (b) Radian

18. An example of Base quantity 11101052

(a) Area (b) Volume

19. Light year is a unit of 11101053

(a) Light (b) Time

20. Radius of proton 11101054

(a) 1.2 x 10^-15m (b) 3.4 x 10^-14m

21. SI unit of force 11101055

(a) Newton (b) Dyne

22. SI unit of angular momentum are

(a) kg ms^-1 (b) kg m²s^-1 11101056

23. SI unit of angular Velocity are

(a) ms^-1 (b) rad S^-1 11101057

24. SI unit of electric current 11101058

(a) Ampere (b) Candela

25. The unit of pressure in base unit is

(a) kg m^-1 s^-2 (b) kg m s^-211101059

26. Work is measured in Joule while energy is expressed 11101060

(a) Watt (b) N-s

27. One atto is equal to 11101061

(a) 10^-18(b) 10^-15

28. One nano is equal to 11101062

(a) 10^-12 (b) 10^-9

29. One centi is equal 11101063

(a) 10^-3 (b) 10^-2

30. One kilo mean 11101064

(a) 10^-3 (b) 10³

31. One exa mean 11101065

(a) 10¹⁵ (b) 10¹²

32. The scientific notation of number 0.0023 is expressed 11101066

(a) 2.3 x 10^-3 (b) 0.023x10^-2

33. Significant figure in 8.70 x 10⁴kg are

(a) Two (b) Three 11101067

34. Uncertainty may occurs due to11101068

(a) Limitation of an instrument

(b) Personal negligence

(d) All of the above

35. The dimensions of acceleration are

(a) [LT^-2] (b) [LT^-3] 11101069

36. The dimensions of weight are 11101070

(a) [LT^-1] (b) [LT^-2]

37. The dimensions of angularmomentum are 11101071

(a) [MLT^-2] (b) [MLT^-1]

38. The Dimension of frequency is11101072

(a) [LT] (b) [T^-1]

39. The Dimensions of moment of Inertia are 11101073

(a) [ML²] (b) [ML^-2]

40. The dimension of power is: 11101074

(a) [ML²T^-2] (b) [ML²T^-3]

41. The value 56.8546 can be rounded off as 11101075

(a) 56.9 (b) 56.8

42. The dimensionally correct equation of E is 11101076

(a) mc (b)

43. Dimensions of viscosity are 11101077

(Board 2015)

(a) [ML^-1T] (b) [ML²T^-1]

44. When rounded off upto three significant figures the value 6.835 is written as 11101078

(a) 6.83 (b) 6.80

45. Relativistic mechanics is a branch of physics which deals with the bodies moving with velocity 11101079

(a) More than c (b) Approaching to c

46. Coulomb is defined as 11101080

(a) As^-1 (b) As

47. Which of the following is a derived unit in S.I. units? 11101081

(a) Mole (b) Metre

48. The First man to write a book on physics was 11101082

(a) Galileo (b) Newton

49. One mile is equal to 11101083

(a) 1.609 km (b) 1.510km

50. The unit of pressure is 11101084

(a)Pascal (b) Watt

51. A meter rod is used to measure the length the correct order of accuracyof the instrument is 11101085

(a) 1cm (b) 0.1cm

52. The time taken by the light to reach from sun to earth is 11101086

(a) 1min-20sec (b)1min-40sec

53. One light year is equal to in metres

11101087

(a) 9.5 x10¹⁵ (b) 9.5x10^-15

54. The dimension of impulse is the same as dimension of: 11101088

(a) Force (b) Momentum

55. For total assessment of uncertainty in the final result obtained by multiplication and division: 11101089

(a) Absolute uncertainties are added

(b) Fractional uncertainties are added

(d) Errors are added

56. The sum of three numbers, 2.7543, 4.10 and 1.273, up-to correct decimal place is: 11101090

(a)8.12 (b)8.13

57. Which of the following is least multiple? 11101091

(a)Pico (b)Femto

(c)Nano (d)Atto

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. Write dimension of pressure and force. 11101092

Q2. Name any two units which are after the names of scientist and express theminterms of fundamental units. 11101093

Q3. What is Radian? 11101094

Q4. What is steradian? 11101095

Q5.Define Supplementary quantities. 11101096

Q6. Define Significant Figures. 11101097

Q7. Define Scientific notation. 11101098

Q8. Define the term unit. 11101099

Q9. Define Physical quantities. 11101100

Q10. What is the Principle of Homogeneity of dimensions? 11101101

Q11.What do you mean by dimension?

11101102

Q12.How many types of errors are there?

11101103

Q13. How second was defined in 1967?

11101104

Q14. How weight of a body is measured?

11101105

Q15. Define Particle Physics. 11101106

Q16. What is Random error and how it is removed? 11101107

Q17.What is systematic error and how it is removed? 11101108

Q18. What is error and how it occurs? 11101109

Q19. What is meant by Prefixes? 11101110

Q20. Define the term meter. 11101111

Q21. What is light year? 11101112

Q22. Convert the light year in meters.

11101113

Q23. How many significant figures are in 8000kg and why? 11101114

Q24. What is a Chip? 11101115

Q25. Define the term kilogram. 11101116

UNIT 2

Vectors and Equilibrium

Multiple Choice Questions

1. A scalar is a physical quantity which is completely specified by 11102065

(a) Number

(b) Direction only

(d) Number with direction

2. Name the quantity which is a vector

(a) Density (b) Power 11102066

3. A vector which has magnitude one is called 11102067

(a) Resultant vector (b) Unit vector

4. A vector having same magnitude as that but opposite in direction is called 11102068

(a) Unit vector

(b) Resultant vector

(d) Null vector

5. When a certain vector A is multiplied by a number ‘n’ the magnitude of resultant vector is equal to 11102069

(a) ½n + ½ (b) n½ ½

6. Two force of magnitude are F₁and F₂ perpendicular to each other. The magnitude of their resultant will be

11102070

(a) (b)

7. The F_x of force F of magnitude 30N making an angle of 60^o with
x-axis, are 11102071

(a) 7N (b) 15N

8. The minimum number of forces of unequal magnitude whose vector sum can be zero is 11102072

(a) 1 (b) 2

9. If a force of 10N makes an angle of 30^o with y-axis itsx-component is given by 11102073

(a) 1.866N (b) 88.6N

10. The forces F₁and F₂ acting on a body at an angleq the magnitude of their resultant is given by 11102074

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

11. If a force of 10N makes an angle of 30^o with x-axis itsy-component is given by 11102075

(a) 8.66N (b) 0N

12. Addition of vector into a vector is equivalent to 11102076

(a) Multiplication of A and B

(b) Resolution of A and B

(d) Subtraction of B from A

13. A vector A is making an angle ‘q’ with positive y-axis then its x-component is given by 11102077

(a) A sin q (b) Acosq

14. The scalar product of two vectors A and B is zero when 11102078

(a)They are perpendicular to each other

(b) They are equal vector

(d) They are in opposite direction.

15. A vector and are parallel to each other then 11102079

(a) = AB (b) = 1

16. For a vector A which oen of the following is correct 11102080

(a) = 0 (b) = A²

17. The vector product of two vectors A and B making an angle q is given by

(a) AB sin q (b) AB sin q 11102081

18. If A . B = o when vector A and B are parallel or anti parallel, then either A or B is a: 11102082

(a)Equal (b) Perpendicular

19. If A ´ B points along positive z-axis, then vector A and B must lie in11102083

(a) y z-plane (b) x z-plane

20. The force F acting on charge particle ‘q’ moving with velocity V in a magnetic field B is given by11102084

(a) F = q ( . B) (b) F = q ( ´ B)

21. The cross product of vector A with itself is equal to 11102085

(a) 1 (b) A

22. If A = A and B = B , then 11102086

(a) A. B = A (b) A. B = 0

23. The dot product . = . = . is:

(a) Zero (b) 1 11102087

24. The cross product ´ is equal to

(a) Zero (b) 1 11102088

25. If three vector A₁, A₂ and A₃ represented by three sides of triangle taken in order, then their resultant is

(a) R = A₁ - (A₂ + A₃) 11102089

(b) R = 0

(d)R = (A₁ + A₂) - A₃

26. If A ´ B = o then it is concluded that:

11102090

(a) A and B are ^ to each other

(b) A and B are parallel to each other

(d) A and B are unit vectors

27. Torque is a: 11102091

(a) Scalar quantity

(b) Vector quantity

(d) Both b & c

28. The vector form of torque is represented by 11102092

(a) rFcosq (b)

29. Torque has a maximum value if angle between r and F is 11102093

(a) 0^o (b) 30^o

30. The dimensions of torque are 11102094

(a) [MLT^-2] (b) [ML²T^-2]

31. If the direction of force applied is reversed, then 11102095

(a) The magnitude of torque remain constant and its direction remain same

(b) The magnitude of torque remain same but its direction is reversed

(d) Both magnitude and direction of the torque are changed

32. A couple consist of 11102096

(a) Two equal and parallel force acting at a point in a body

(b) Two equal and opposite forces acting at different points on a body

(d) All of these

33. Torque = force ´ …… 11102097

(a) Speed

(b) Momentum

(d) Arm of the weight

34. The centre of gravity of the body is

(a) The center of the body 11102098

(b) The point at which the mass of the body is concentrated

(d) All of these.

35. A body will be in translational equilibrium if 11102099

(a) S = 0 (b) S P = 0

36. The second condition of equilibrium is satisfied if 11102100

(a) The vector sum of all the forces acting on the body is zero

(b) The vector sum of all torques is zero

(d)None of these

37. The body moving with constant velocity is 11102101

(a) At static equilibrium

(b) In dynamic equilibrium

(d) None of these

38. If when a = b then the angle between and will be:11102102

(a) 0^o (b) 30^o

39. Body is said to be in complete equilibrium if 11102103

(a) SF = 0

(b) St = 0

(d) SF = 0 and St¹ 0

40. Which of the following is a scalar quantity? 11102104

(a) Torque (b) Force

41. A unit vector is generally represented by 11102105

(a) (b)

42. A vector in space has 11102106

(a) Two components

(b) One component

(d) Four components

43. The reverse process of vector addition is 11102107

(a) Multiplication

(b) Subtraction

(d) Resolution of a vector

44. The dot product of with itself is equal to 11102108

(a) A² (b) 2A

45. The self cross product of unit vector is 11102109

(a) Null vector

(b) square of magnitude

(d) Four Times

46. Magnitude of Torque is measured as 11102110

(a) rF (b) rFsinq

47. If the moment arm about the origin is zero, then torque is 11102111

(a) Zero (b) Maximum

48. A body will be in rotational equilibrium If 11102112

(a) (b)

49. The unit vector in the direction of vector = is 11102113

(a) (b)

50. Which of the following is true?

(a) 11102114

(b)

(c)

(d)

51. The scalar product of two vectors will be maximum if they are: 11102115

(a) Perpendicular

(b) Anti parallel

(d)All of these

52. Resultant of two perpendicular vectors of equal magnitude (say, A) will be: 11102116

(a) A (b) 2A

53. is equal to:(Board 2015)11102117

(a) (b) 1

54. Position vector of a point P (a, b, c) in YZ-Plane is given by: 11102118

(a) (b)

55. The resultant magnitude of 6N force acting at right angle to a 8N force is: 11102119

(a) 2 N (b)14 N

56. The magnitudes of cross-product and dot product of two vectors are equal, the angle between the vectors is:

11102120

(a)Zero (b) 90^o

57. The direction of vector in space is specified by: 11102121

(a) 1-angle (b) 2-angles

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. Define Vector quantities and give examples. 11102122

Q2.Define scalars and give examples.11102123

Q3. Define rectangular Components of a Vector. 11102124

Q4. What is meant by Resolution of a Vector? 11102125

Q5. Define Unit Vector. 11102126

Q6. What is Resultant Vector? 11102127

Q7. Define scalar product with example. 11102128

Q8. Define vector Product with examples.

11102129

Q9. Define Torque and give its units.

11102130

Q10. What is moment arm? 11102131

Q11. What is positive and negative torque? (Board 2008)11102132

Q12. What is the direction of torque?

11102133

Q13.Show that torque and work have same dimensions. 11102134

Q14.What is the effect on torque If or are reversed. 11102135

Q15. What is equilibrium? 11102136

Q16. What is static equilibrium? 11102137

Q17. What is dynamic equilibrium?11102138

Q18.What is rotational equilibrium?

11102139

Q19.State First Condition of equilibrium. (Board 2015)11102140

Q20. State 2^nd Condition of equilibrium. (Board 2015)11102141

Q21. Under what condition the resultant of two vectors is maximum? 11102142

Q22. Under what condition dot product of two vectors is zero? Explain. 11102143

Q23.What is rectangular coordinate system? 11102144

Q24. Can a force directed north balance force directed west? Explain. 11102145

Q25.What is the significance of ? Explain. 11102146

Q26. Time is directed from Present to future. Is it a vector quantity? 11102147

Q27. Is vector Product Commutative?

11102148

Q28. What is neutral Equilibrium? 11102149

Q29. Can a body be in equilibrium by the action of single force? Explain. 11102150

Q30.What is meant by arm of couple? 11102151

Q31. What is couple? 11102152

Q32. What are like Parallel forces? 11102153

Q33. What are unlike parallel forces? 11102154

Q34. What is effect on a vector when multiplied by a scalar quantity? 11102155

Q35. What is the magnitude of a vector = ? Can it be given somename? 11102156

MOTION AND FORCE

UNIT 3

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The rate of change of displacement is defined as 11103050

(a) Speed

(b) Velocity

(d) Uniform velocity

2. The dimension of velocity is 11103051

(a) [LT] (b) [LMT]

3. The change in velocity per unit time is called 11103052

(a) Acceleration (b) Momentum

4. The SI units of acceleration are

11103053

(a) kmsec^-2 (b) cmsec^-2

5. When the total displacement is divided by the total time taken, we get 11103054

(a) Average distance

(b) Average acceleration

(d) Velocity

6. If the slope of the velocity-time graph is increasing with time at constant rate, it shows that the body has11103055

(a) Uniform negative acceleration

(b) Average acceleration

(d) Uniform retardation

7. If the slope of velocity time graph is decreasing with time, the body is said to have 11103056

(a) Positive acceleration

(b) Decreasing acceleration

(d) None of these

8. Acceleration in a body is always produced in the direction of11103057

(a) Force (b) Torque

9. 2^ndLaw of motion shows the relation between 11103058

(a) Velocity and acceleration

(b) Mass and velocity

(d) Distance and acceleration

10. The dimensions of weight are

11103059

(a) [LT^-1] (b) [LT^-2]

11. Newton’s 2nd law of motion is also called as 11103060

(a) Law of gravitation

(b) Law of inertia

(d) Law of inertial frame

12. The 5kg mass is falling freely with uniform velocity, the force acting on it will be (Board 2015)11103061

(a) 5N (b) 9.8N

13. A cricket ball is hit so that it travels straight up in air and it takes 3 seconds to reach the highest point. Its initial velocity is 11103062

(a) 10ms^-1 (b) 15ms^-1

14. When the climber reaches the top of the mountain 11103063

(a) His mass is greater

(b) His weight is greater

(d) His weight is slightly smaller

15. A mass of 5kg moves with an acceleration of 10ms^-2. The force on it is 11103064

(a) 10N (b) 15N

16. The inertia of a body is measured in terms of its 11103065

(a) Mass (b) Weight

17. Earth strictly speaking is 11103066

(a) Non-inertial frame

(b) Inertial frame

(d) Three dimensional frame of reference

18. When man jumps off the ground, the reaction force of ground is 11103067

(a) Smaller than its weight

(b) Greater than its weight

(c)Equal to the weight

(d) Zero

19. The product of mass of particle and its velocity is called 11103068

(a) K.E (b) P.E

20. The S.I unit of momentum is

(Board 2015) 11103069

(a) kgms^-2 (b) kgms^-1

21. A particle of mass 6.5 gm moving along x-axis is located at x₁ = 15m at t₁ = 5 sec and x₂ = 33m at t₂ = 13 sec. Its average velocity is 11103070

(a) 2.4ms^-1 (b) 6ms^-1

22. Neutrons are slowed down if the stationary targets are 11103071

(a) b-rays (b) Photons

23. A body thrown upward making certain angle with the horizontal and moving freely under the action of gravity is called 11103072

(a) Satellite (b) Rocket

24. The trajectory of projectile is 11103073

(a) Straight line (b) Parabola

25. During the projectile motion the horizontal component of velocity

(a) Changes with time 11103074

(b) Becomes zero

(d)Increase with time

26. When the projectile reaches the highest point of trajectory the vertical component of velocity is

11103075

(a) Small (b) Maximum

27. Motion of projectile is 11103076

(a) One dimensional

(b) Three dimensional

(d) None of the above

28. The horizontal range of projectile is 11103077

(a) (b)

29. The maximum height attained by projectile is 11103078

(a) (b)

30. The velocity of projectile is maximum 11103079

(a) At half of height

(b) At highest point

(d) At one fourth of maximum height

31. TimeSpan of the long jump of an athlete given velocity depends upon

(a) Mass of the jumper 11103080

(b) Angle of jumper

(d) Velocity of jumper

32. If the slope of displacement time graph gradually decreases then the body is said to be moving with

(a) +ve acceleration 11103081

(b) Uniform velocity

(d) None of the above

33. A snooker ball moving with velocity n collides head on with another snooker ball of same mass at rest. If collision is elastic, the velocity of the second ball is 11103082

(a) Zero (b) Infinity

34. The horizontal component of velocity of projectile moving with initial velocity of 500ms^-1 at angle of 60^o with x-axis is equal to 11103083

(a) Zero (b) 500ms^-1

35. A collision in which both K.E and momentum are conserved 11103084

(a) Elastic collision

(b) Inelastic collision

(d) None of these

36. If V_i is the velocity of projection and q is the angle which the projectile makes with x-axis then the vertical component of velocity any time t is 11103085

(a) v_icosq (b) v_i sin q

37. In projectile motion horizontal range depends upon 11103086

38. (a) Angle of projection

(b) Initial velocity

(d)None of these

39. Dimensions of impulse are similar to dimensions of 11103087

(a) Work (b) Torque

40. The ballistic trajectory is the path followed by 11103088

(a) Powered and unguided missile

(b)Unpowered and unguided missile

(d) Powered and guided missile

41. Powered and guided missiles are used for 11103089

(a) Long range

(b) Medium range

(d) Very short range

42. Before launch of any rocket the mass of fuel of the rocket is about

(a) 60% of rocket mass 11103090

(b) 50% of rocket mass

(d) 80% of rocket mass

43. A same force ‘F’ is applied respectively on two different masses m₁ and m₂ moving with acceleration a₁ and a₂. Identify their mass acceleration ratio 11103091

(a) =

(b) =

(c)=

(d) All of these

43. The speed of earth revolving around the Sun is: 11103092

(a) 210,000 m/s

(b) 1000 m/s

(d) 29600 m/s

44. A bullet shot straight up returns to its starting point in 10 sec. Its initial speed was: 11103093

(a) 9.8 ms^-1 (b) 24.5 ms^-1

45. When a ball is thrown straight up, the acceleration at its highest point is: 11103094

(a) Upward (b) Downward

46. The range of projectile is directly proportional to: 11103095

(a) (b)

47. The motion of a rocket is in accordance with law of conservation of: 11103096

(a)Linear momentum

(b)Energy

(c)Mass

(d)Angular momentum

48. When the body moves with constant acceleration, the velocity time graph is: 11103097

(a) Parabola (b) Hyperbola

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. Differentiate between distance and displacement. (Board 2015) 11103098

Q2. What are the draw backs with average velocity? 11103099

Q3. What is the advantage of instantaneous velocity? 11103100

Q4. How velocity may change? 11103101

Q5. What is uniform acceleration? 11103102

Q6. What are the uses of velocity time graph? 11103103

Q7. What information can be had from the area under velocity time graph? 11103104

Q8. Under what conditions, equations of motion are useful? 11103105

Q9.What is the acceleration due to gravity? 11103106

Q10.What is the limitation with Newton’s laws of motion? 11103107

Q11. What is relativistic mechanics?

11103108

Q12. What do you mean by inertia? On what factor does it depends? 11103109

Q13.Does a moving object have impulse? 11103110

Q14. What is inertial frame of reference? Give example. 11103111

Q15. Under what conditions, 3^rd law of Newton is valid? 11103112

Q16. Show that SI unit of linear momentum are Kg ms^-1 and N s. 11103113

Q17. Give the general form of 2^ndlaw of Newton. 11103114

Q18. What is force due to water flow? 11103115

Q19. What is isolated system? 11103116

Q20.Why the riffle recoils with only a fraction of the velocity of the bullet?

11103117

Q21.What is the principle of Rocket propulsion? 11103118

Q22. What is the fuel in a rocket? 11103119

Q23.How the problem of mass of fuel is overcomes? 11103120

Q24.Calculate the acceleration of rocket.

111031121

Q25.Which one force is responsible for projectile motion? 11103122

Q26. What is Ballistic flight? 11103123

Q27. What is Ballistic Missile? 11103124

Q28. Discuss the motion of ballistic missile. 11103125

Q29.What is the effect of friction on ballistic missile? 11103126

Q30.Describe the trajectory of a projectile. 11103127

Q31. Discuss the actual flights of missiles. 11103128

Q32.Find the dimension formulas for (i) Impulse (ii) Momentum.(Board 2008)11103129

Q33.What is horizontal range? Write its formula. (Board 2008) 11103130

WORK AND ENERGY

UNIT 4

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When the force is parallel to the direction of motion of the body the work done is? 11104037

(a) Maximum (b)Minimum

2. A field in which the work done in moving a body along a closed path is zero is known as 11104038

(a) Conservative field

(b) Nuclear field

(d) Electric field

3. Which of the following type of force can do no work on the particle on which it acts? 11104039

(a) Centripetal force

(b) Gravitational force

(d) Restoring force

4. If a body of mass 2kg is raised vertically through 2m then the work done will be 11104040

(a) 50J (b) 39.2J

5. The rate of doing work is known as

(a) Power (b) Energy11104041

6. Power is a 11104042

(a) Fundamental quantity

(b) Vector quantity

(d)Neither vector nor scalar quantity

7. The dimension of power is

(Board 2015) 11104043

(a) [ML^-1T^-1] (b)[ML²T^-3]

8. If an agent consumes a power of 1kW in one hour the work done is

(a) One mega watt hour 11104044

(b) One watt hour

(d) None of these

9. K.E depends upon 11104045

(a) Acceleration

(b) Power

(d) Displacement of body

10. The units of energy are same as that of 11104046

(a) Work (b) Velocity

11. One erg is equal to 11104047

(a) 10⁺⁷J (b) 10^-8J

12. The work done in lifting a body of mass m from surface of the earth to an infinite distance is 11104048

(a) K.E (b) Absolute P.E

13. Absolute P.E of a body of mass “m” at a distance “r” from earth centre is 11104049

(a) – G (b) – G

14. The consumption of energy by a 60 watt bulb in 2 seconds is 11104050

(a) 0.02J (b) 130J

15. Work done by a machine is known as its 11104051

(a) Input (b) Efficiency

16. Original source of energy for biomass is: 11104052

(a) Earth (b) Moon

17. The escape velocity on the earth surface is 11104053

(a) 11.2 x 10³km/sec

(b) 11.2 x 10^-3 m/sec

(d) 11.6 x 10³(km) /sec

18. The dimensions of the impulse are same as that 11104054

(a) Power (b)Momentum

19. The tidal waves are produced due to variations of gravitational pull of

(a) Stars (b) Sun 11104055

20. The energy obtained by tapping the energy from the hot molten areas inside the Earth crust is known as

(a) Geothermal energy 11104056

(b) Magnetic energy

(d) Nuclear energy

21. Every year the amount of energy from sun, absorbed by Earth is

11104057

(a) 5 x 10²⁰kwh

(b) 42 x 10¹⁷kwh

(d) 3 x 10¹⁸kwh

22. A gas filled balloon ascending upward possess 11104058

(a) Chemical energy

(b) K.E

(d) Both of (b) and (c)

23. How much energy is produced by burning 1 ton coal in joules?11104059

(a) 30 x 10⁹ (b) 5 x 10²⁸

24. The energy released in the fission of an atom of uranium in joules is…..

11104060

(a) 6 x 10²² (b) 3.2 x 10^-11

25. Oil in its natural form is 11104061

(a) Usable

(b) Unusable

(d) None of these

26. Which of the following is non-conservative force? 11104062

(a) Elastic spring force

(b) Electric force

(d) Tension in string

27. Work done on a body for increasing velocity results in:

(a) Change in K.E 11104063

(b) Change in gravitational P.E

(d) All

28. K.E can be written as 11104064

(a) mv² (b)

29. A man carries a bucket of water of 1 kg for 10m then work done is

11104065

(a) 10J (b) 15J

30. Two bodies A and B of mass 1kg and 2kg respectively have same momentum. Which one has greater KE? 11104066

(a) Cannot be determined

(b) B

(d) A

31. A force acts on a body at an angle of 45° to the direction of motion then change occurs in: 11104067

(a) Direction

(b) Speed

(d) Both speed and direction remain same

32. If the velocity of the body becomes doubled and mass becomes half then its K.E 11104068

(a) Becomes double

(b) Becomes four time

(d)Becomes eight time

33. Escape velocity of mass 2kg is 11km/sec escape velocity of double of mass will be: 11104069

(a) 22km/sec (b) 5.5km/sec

34. Ratio of dimension of power and K.E 11104070

(a) 1:1 (b) T:1

35. All the food you eat in one day has about the same energy as of petrol in liters 11104071

(a) (b)

36. Tides in sea are produced due to pull of 11104072

(a) Moon on the Earth

(b) Sun on the Moon

(d) Earth on the Moon

37. Waves in ocean are produced due to 11104073

(a) Tidal movement (b) Winds

38. Value of solar constant 11104074

(a) 1kw/m² (b) 1.4kw/m²

39. A force of 10Nis required to overcome road friction and air resistance in propelling an automobile at 30m/sec. Power developed by the engine: 11104075

(a) 600W (b) 400W

40. Number of tides observed in 24 Hrsis (are): 11104076

(a) One (b) Two

41. While passing through the atmosphere of earth solar energy reduced due to 11104077

(a) Scattering (b) Reflection

42. Escape velocity depends upon11104078

(a) Mass of the body

(b) Radius of the body

(d) None of these

43. Which of the pair always have same direction? 11104079

(a) Force, velocity

(b) Displacement, impulse

(d) Acceleration, impulse

44. A body of mass 0.2kg initially moving with velocity 10m/s comes to rest in 1m. How much retarding force acts on it? 11104080

(a) 10N (b) 20N

45. Sun is behind all sources of energy except: 11104081

(a) Biomass energy

(b) Geothermal energy

(d) Wind energy

46. A body of mass 1.0 kg drops from the top of a tower of height 50m, what will be its K.E., 10m below the top? 11104082

(a) 490 J (b) 19 J

47. Power can be defined as the product of: 11104083

(a)Force and displacement

(b)Force and velocity

(c)Force and time

(d)Force and mass

48. The area under the force-displacement graph represents: 11104084

(a)Work done (b)Power

(c)Torque (d)None of these

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. Give the examples of Zero work.

11104085

Q2. How work is calculated graphically? 11104086

Q3. Give the characteristics of work.

11104087

Q4. Give the examples of work done under variable force. 11104088

Q5. What is gravitational field? Also discuss the convention for the work done in gravitational field. 11104089

Q6. What is a conservative field? 11104090

Q7. Discuss the frictional force as a non-conservative force. 11104091

Q8. What is the commercial unit of electrical energy? Define it. (Board 2015)11104092

Q9. What are the arbitrary position relative to which the gravitational potential energy is determined? OR what is zero reference level? 11104093

Q10. What is elastic potential energy? 11104094

Q11. Define work-energy principle.11104095

Q12.Why the choice of zero point is arbitrary? 11104096

Q13. Absolute potential energy = U_g= what does negative sign signify?

11104097

Q14.What is the fate of all available energies? 11104098

Q15.What is the effect of pull of the moon?

11104099

Q16. Give different methods to obtain the solar energy. 11104100

Q17. How the solar energy can be stored?

11104101

Q18. Give uses of solar cells. 11104102

Q19. What are the sources of geothermal energy? 11104103

Q20. What methods are involved in the extraction of geothermal energy? 11104104

Q21. What is a Geyser? 11104105

Q22. What are the methods for conversion of biomass into fuels? 11104106

Q23. When arrow is shot from bow, it has kinetic energy from where does it get the Kinetic energy? (Board 2008) 11104107

Circular Motion

UNIT 5

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In two revolutions along a circle of radius r, a point P covers a distance of 11105051

(a) 4pr (b) 3pr

2. If arc distance is equal to radius then angle traced is 11105052

(a) 30⁰ (b) 45⁰

3. If q is the angle traced by an arc of length S then radius r will be

(a) (b) 11105053

4. The relation between arc length and radius is. 11105054

(a) S = rq (b) r = Sq

5. In one revolution the angular displacement covered is 11105055

(a) 60^o (b) 90^o

6. The time rate of change of angular displacement is called: 11105056

(a) Linear velocity

(b) Linear Acceleration

(d) Angular velocity

7. Supplementary S.I. unit of angular Acceleration is: 11105057

(a) deg/sec² (b) rad/sec²

8. S.I. unit of angular Momentum is

11105058

(a) Js (b) kgmsec³

9. The direction of motion of a particle moving in a circle is along the 11105059

(a) Normal

(b) Tangent

(d) Towards the centre

10. For a particle moving in a circle of radius ‘r’ with linear acceleration ‘a’ and angular acceleration a the relation is 11105060

(a) a = (b) a =

11. In angular motion (2 aq) is equal to 11105061

(a) (b)

12. The force needed to bend the normally straight path of the particle into circle is: 11105062

(a) Gravitational

(b) Frictional

(c)Centrifugal

(d) Centripetal

13. The work done by the centripetal force is 11105063

(a) Minimum

(b) Zero

(d) Negative work

14. The mud flies off the tyre of a moving bicycle which is along 11105064

(a) Tangent

(b) Normal

(d) None of above

15. When a ball is rotating in a circular path at the end of string is released, it will move 11105065

(a) To the centre

(b) Away from the centre

(d) Along the tangent

16. The relation for centripetal force is 11105066

(a) mrw (b) mr²w

17. If a mass “m” is placed at a distance “r” from a line then its moment of inertia about the line

11105067

(a) mrw (b) mr²w

18. The moment of inertia of a solid disc is 11105068

(a) mr² (b) mr²

(c)mr² (d) mr²

19. The moment of inertia of a hoop of mass “m” and radius “r” about its centre is 11105069

(a) mr² (b) mr²

20. The angular momentum is given by 11105070

(a) (b)

21. The moment of inertia of a solid sphere of radius r about its centre is

11105071

(a) mr² (b) mr²

22. Rotational K.E is given by: 11105072

(a) I w² (b) I²w

23. The relation for Torque is11105073

(a) (b)

24. Rotational K.E for a hoop is11105074

(a) mv² (b)mv²

25. Rotational K.E for a disc is 11105075

(a) mv² (b) mv²

(c)mv² d) None of these

26. The value of ‘g’ at the centre of earth is 11105076

(a) Zero (b) Double

27. The critical velocity of satellite orbiting close to earth is: 11105077

(a) 5.9 km/sec (b) 6.9 km/sec

28. Two bodies each of mass 4000kg at a separation of 2m, the force between them is 11105078

(a) 3.34 x10^-5 N

(b) 2.7 x 10^–4N

(d) None of these

29. Value of ‘g’ on the surface of moon is 11105079

(a) 0.98 m/sec²

(b) 1.65 m/sec²

(d) None of these

30. The weight of a body at the centre of earth is 11105080

(a) Infinite (b) Double

31. The value of ‘g’ is maximum at the 11105081

(a) Equator (b) Poles

32. Below the surface of Earth towards its centre the value of ‘g’ 11105082

(a) Decreases

(b) Increases

(d) None of these

33. The weight of a man in an elevator moving down with an acceleration 9.8 m/s² will be 11105083

(a) Negative (b) Double

34. Artificial gravity is provided to the satellite by 11105084

(a) Velocity

(b) Weight

(d) Rotating around a vertical axis

35. To create artificial gravity, the critical frequency of space station about its vertical axis is 11105085

(a) (b)

36. A satellite moving around the Earth constitute: 11105086

(a) Non-Inertial frame

(b) Inertial frame

(d) None of these

37. Angle of 30^o will be in radian

(a) (b) 11105087

38. A wheel 2m in diameter makes 15rev/min the linear speed of the point on its rim in m/sec is 11105088

(a) 2p (b) p

39. A body can have constant velocity when it follows 11105089

(a) Circular path

(b) Linear path

(d) Elliptical path

40. When a body moves in circle the angle between its linear velocity and angular velocity is always:

11105090

(a) Zero (b) 45°

41. A disc rolls down a hill and its speed at the bottom is found to be 11.4m/sec. Height of the hill in metres is nearly: 11105091

(a) 10m (b) 12m

42. Moment of inertia depends upon

(a) Mass 11105092

(b) Selection of axis of rotation

(d) Speed of the body

43. When the wheel rolls on the slope on inclined plane it has 11105093

(a) Rotational K.E

(b) Translational K.E.

(d) Vibrational energy

44. Law of conservation of angular momentum is important in11105094

(a) Diving (b) Gymnastics

45. Rotational analogue of force is

11105095

(a) Velocity (b) Torque

46. When lift moves downward with acceleration ‘a’ then the apparent value of ‘g’ inside the lift changes to

11105096

(a) g + a (b) g - a

47. Net fore acting on a 100 kg man standing in an elevator accelerating downward witha = 9.8m sec^-2 comes out to be: 11105097

(a) 980N (b) 580N

48. International Telecommunication Satellite Organization operates at microwave frequencies of:11105098

(a) 4,6,8 and 10 Hz

(b) 4,6,11 and 14 GHz

(d) 4,8,11 and 16 GHz

49. When a body is whirled in a horizontal circle by means of a string, the centripetal force is supplied by: 11105099

(a) Mass of a body

(b) Velocity of a body

(d) Centripetal acceleration

50. If a car moves with a uniform speed of 2m / sec in a circle of radius 0.4m, its angular speed is 11105100

(a) 4 rad/sec (b) 5 rad/sec

51. Weight of a 60kg man in moving elevator (downward) with constant acceleration of g where 11105101

(g = 10 ms^-2):

(a) Zero (b) 300 N

52. A 1000kg truck is turning round a corner of radius 100m with speed 72km/h, centripetal force is ______N. 11105102

(a) 4 (b) 40

53. One Geo-stationary satellite covers a longitude of: 11105103

(a) 270^o (b) 120^o

54. The minimum velocity required to put a satellite into orbit is:11105104

(a)5.9 kms^–1 (b)6.9 kms^–1

55. One radian is equal to

(Board 2015)11105105

(a)57.3⁰ (b)56.3⁰

56. The centripetal acceleration is also called: 11105106

(a)Tangential (b)Radial

(c)Rotational (d)Angular

57. 1 rev/min is equal to: 11105107

(a) (b)

58. The dimension of angular velocity are: 11105108

(a) (b)

59. The ratio between orbitand escape velocity is: 11105109

(a) (b)

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. Define moment of inertia. 11105110

Q2. Define Radian. 11105111

Q3. What is geostationary satellite?11105112

Q4. How much work is done by centripetal force? 11105113

Q5. How linear velocity is related with angular velocity? 11105114

Q6. What are supplementary S.I. units and dimensions of angular acceleration?11105115

Q7. What is angular displacement?11105116

Q8. Describe law of conservation of angular momentum. 11105117

Q9.What is the relation between radian and degrees? 11105118

Q10. You are in an elevator in a high rise building. State when will be your (apparent) weight different from real weight? 11105119

Q11. What is torque in terms of moment of inertia? 11105120

Q12.What is angular momentum? 11105121

Q13. What do you know about orbital speed? 11105122

Q14. What is the frequency of spaceship for artificial gravity? 11105123

Q15. What is the radius for geostationary satellite? 11105124

Q16. Describe the working capacity of INTELSAT VI. 11105125

Q17. From the theories presented by Newton and Einstein which one is better and why? 11105126

Q18. What is the weight of a body in freely falling lift? 11105127

Q19. What is the minimum time for a low flying satellite to complete one rotation around the earth? 11105128

Q20. Explain the relation for rotational Kinetic energy? 11105129

Q21. What is the centripetal force in vectorial form? 11105130

UNIT 6

FLUID DYNAMICS

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The drag force increases as the speed of object: 11106034

(a) Decreases (b) Increases

2. An object moving in a fluid experiences a retarding force called

(a) Drag force 11106035

(b) Gravitational force

(d) Centripetal force

3. Law of conservation of energy is on the basis of 11106036

(a) Bernoulli’s theorem

(b) Venture relation

(d) Equation of continuity

4. Law of conservation of mass gives us the equation of 11106037

(a) Rate of flow (b) Continuity

5. The force required to slide one layer over other layer of liquid is measured by 11106038

(a) Velocity (b) Acceleration

6. The drag force F on a sphere of radius r moving slowly with speed v through a fluid of viscosity h is given by 11106039

(a) 2 phrv (b) 3phrv

7. Terminal velocity of water droplet of radius 10^-4m falling through air of viscosity 19 x 10^-6 kg m^-1 s^-1is:

11106040

(a) 4.1 m s^-1 (b) 3.1 m s^-1

8. Maximum and constant velocity of an object falling vertically downward in a fluid is 11106041

(a) V_t = (b) V_t =

9. An incompressible fluid having no viscosity is called 11106042

(a) Ideal fluid

(b) Viscous

(d) None of these

10. Terminal velocity of water droplet of radius 10.0cm and density 500kgm³of descending through air of viscosity = 19x10^-6 kg m^-1s^-1 is:

11106043

(a) 0.67 m s^-1 (b) 0.57 m s^-1

11. Frictional effect between different layers of fluid is 11106044

(a) Velocity

(b) Viscosity

(d) Displacement

12. Retarding force experienced when speed of object becomes double moving through fluid is 11106045

(a) Doubled

(b) Halved

(d) Four times

13. The viscosity of air in N s m^-2is:

11106046

(a) 0.019 (b) 1.000

14. Pressure of 2 torr in S.I is: 11106047

(a) 286.9N m^-2 (b) 200 N m^-2

15. The unsteady flow of fluid is called

11106048

(a) Turbulent (b) Regular

16. Pressure will be low where speed of fluid is 11106049

(a) Low (b) High

17. Speed of fluid flow is measured by

(a) Galvanometer 11106050

(b) Voltmeter

(d) Venturi meter

18. For an incompressible fluid in steady flow, the equation of continuity is:

11106051

(a)

(b)

(d) =

19. Bernoulli’s equation is written as

(a) P + rgh = constant 11106052

(b) P - rv² + rgh = 0

(d) All of above

20. The product of cross sectional area of the pipe and the fluid speed at any point is 11106053

(a) Negative (b) Zero

21. The blood pressure is measured by

(a) Galvanometer 11106054

(b) Venturimeter

(d) Sphygmomanometer

22. When weight and drag force become equal then velocity of the body is 11106055

(a) Minimum (b) Terminal

23. The effect of decrease in pressure with increase in speed of fluid is

(a) Venturi effect 11106056

(b) Torricelli effect

(d) Bernoulli’s effect

24. The fundamental equation in fluid dynamics that relates to pressure, speed and height is 11106057

(a) Bernoulli’s equation

(b) Continuity equation

(d) Force equation

25. The viscosity of liquid with rise in temperature 11106058

(a) Increases (b) Decreases

26. The smooth or steady flow of fluid is called 11106059

(a) Turbulent flow (b) Simple flow

27. The S.I unit of viscosity is 11106060

(a) kg m^-1s^-2 (b) kg m^-1s^-1

28. The equation F = 6phrv is called

(a) Newton’s law 11106061

(b) Drag force

(d) Stokes’ law

29. The diastolic pressure is equal to about 11106062

(a) 115 torr (b) 120torr

30. Which liquid can flow easily?11106063

(a) Ether (b) Tar

(d) All flow with same rate

31. The density of blood is 11106064

(a) Equal to water

(b) Less than water

(d) None of these

32. Human blood pressure is measured in 11106065

(a) N m^-2 (b) mm of Hg

33. Body is moving through air in upward direction the net force (F) acting on the body is:

(a) F = W 11106066

(b) F = W - F_D

(d) F = F_D₊W

34. The viscosity of the gas with increase in temperature

(a) increase 11106067

(b) decrease

(d) some times increases and

sometimesdecrease

35. The speed of efflux is measured by the relation 11106068

(a) (b)

36. The S.I. unit “pascal” is the unit of 11106069

(a) Viscosity (b) Pressure

37. The S.I. unit of flow rate is

(Board 2015) 11106070

(a) m³s^-1 (b) m³s^-2

38. Fog droplet fall down with an acceleration at terminal velocity 11106071

(a) Less than g

(b) Greater than g

(d) Equal to zero

39. The stokes’ law holds for 11106072

(a) Motion in free space

(b) Motion in viscous medium

(d) Motion of all types

40. A flowing liquid has 11106073

(a) Kinetic energy

(b) Potential energy

(d) All of above

41. The word fluid means 11106074

(a) To flow (b) To fall

42. 1 torr: 11106075

(a) 133.3 Nm^–2

(b) 13.3 Pa

(d) None of these

43. The term is 11106076

(a) Dynamic pressure

(b) Stress

(d) All of these

44. The blood is a fluid which is11106077

(a) Incompressible

(b) Compressible

(d) All of above

45. The term rgh in fluid dynamics is known as 11106078

(a) Static pressure

(b) Dynamic pressure

(d) Drag force

46. A person standing near a fast moving train can fall 11106079

(a) Towards train

(b) Away

(d) None of these

47. The pressure of liquid is high where its speed is 11106080

(a) High

(b) Low

(d) Infinite

48. When velocity of falling body is zero then acceleration is: 11106081

(a) Zero

(b) Maximum

(d) Equal to g

49. For which position the maximum blood pressure is smallest in value

(a) Standing 11106082

(b) Sitting

(d) One’s heads

50. When a fog droplet falls downwith an acceleration then net force acting on it is 11106083

(a) mg = F_D (b) mg – F_D

51. The lower reading of blood pressure is called: 11106084

(a) Systolic pressure

(b) Diastolic pressure

(d) Non-normal pressure

52. The pressure exerted by a column of mercury 76cm high and at 0^oC is called: 11106085

(a) 1 atmp (b) 1 Nm^-2

53. The maximum drag force on falling sphere is 9.8 N, its weight is:11106086

(a)1 N (b)9.8 N

54. The mathematical relation, is known as: 11106087

(a)Equation of continuity

(b)Bernoulli’s equation

(c)Torricelli’s theorem

(d)Venturirelation

Answers to Short Questions

Q1.Distinguish between fluid and ideal fluid. 11106088

Q2. What is viscosity? 11106089

Q3. What is the effect of viscosity? 11106090

Q4. What is coefficient of viscosity?11106091

Q5. What is Stokes’ law? 11106092

Q6. What is steady flow condition? 11106093

Q7. What is ideal fluid? 11106094

Q8. What do you understand by flow rate of a flow of fluid? 11106095

Q9. Define equation of continuity. 11106096

Q10. Define Bernoulli’s equation. 11106097

Q11. What is the relation between speed and pressure of the fluid? 11106098

Q12. Give few characteristics of human blood. 11106099

Q13.Why blood pressure is measured in torr? 11106100

UNIT 7

OSCILLATIONS

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The wave form of S.H Motion is

(a) Sine wave 11107036

(b) Square wave

(d) None of these

2. Motion of mass spring system is

(a) Angular 11107037

(b) Circular

(d) Simple harmonic

3. The motion of a pendulum of a wall clock is 11107038

(a) Angular (b) Circular

c) Orbital (d) S.H. Motion

4. In S.H. Motion the acceleration is directly proportional to: 11107039

(a) Displacement

(b)Restoring force

(d) Amplitude

5. In S.H. Motion the acceleration is always directed 11107040

(a) Away from mean position

(b) To the mean position

(d) None of these

6. In SHM the acceleration of object

(a) Remain Constant 11107041

(b) Always decreases

(d) None of these

7. A mass spring system has maximum possible P.E of 100 J. Its maximum K.E will be 11107042

(a) 100 J (b) 50J

8. Any type of oscillatory motion is called… 11107043

(a) Angular motion

(b) SHM

(d) None of these

9. In an oscillatory motion infriction less medium 11107044

(a) K.E is constant

(b) P.E is constant

(d) Total energy remains constant

10. The body oscillates due to a11107045

(a) Gravitational force

(b) Inertia

(d) Both ‘b’ and ‘c’

11. Restoring force is always directed

(a) To the mean position 11107046

(b) Away from the mean position

(d) All of above

12. What is the length of simple pendulum whose time period is 2 sec at place where g = 9.8m sec²? 11107047

(a) 0.15m (b) nearly 1m

13. To and fro motion of a body about its mean position is called 11107048

(a) Orbital motion

(b) Oscillatory motion

(d) Circular motion

14. The force that brings the body to its mean position is called 11107049

(a) Gravitational force

(b) Frictional force

(d) None of these

15. The motion which repeats itself in equal intervals of time is 11107050

(a) Periodic motion

(b)Orbital motion

(d) Translatory motion

16. The bob of a simple pendulum when displaced from its mean position and released it executes 11107051

(a) Orbital motion

(b) Oscillatory motion

(d) Circular motion

17. The frequency and time period are related as 11107052

(a) f = (b) f =

(c)f= (d) f = T

18. Time taken to complete one oscillation is called 11107053

(a) Revolution (b) Time period

19. The number of oscillations per second is called 11107054

(a) Revolution (b) Time period

20. At the mean position the acceleration of a particle executing S.H.M. is 11107055

(a) Maximum (b) Minimum

21. For a particle executing simple harmonic motion, the displacement at the mean position is 11107056

(a) Maximum (b) Zero

22. At the extreme position the velocity of the particle is 11107057

(a) Maximum (b) Minimum

23. For S.H.M, the maximum displacement from the mean position is 11107058

(a) Amplitude

(b) Time period

(d) Angular displacement

24. The velocity of a particle executing S.H. M. is v = 11107059

(a) x_ocoswt (b) wx_ocoswt

25. The displacement of a particle executing S.H. M. is 11107060

(a) x_o sin wt (b) x_ow sin wt

26. The time period of projection of a particle moving in a circle is11107061

(a) T= (b) T=

27. The S.I. unit of frequency is 11107062

(a) Radian (b) Hertz

28. The angular frequency of a body executing S.H. M. is 11107063

(a) (b)

29. The time period of a simple pendulum is independent of11107064

(a) Length (b) Mass

30. The value of sinq is equal to q when q is 11107065

(a) Small (b) Very large

31. Velocity of a projection executing S.H.M is: 11107066

(a) (b)

32. The acceleration of mass spring system is equal to: 11107067

(a) x (b) - x

33. In mass spring system, acceleration is proportional to 11107068

(a) displacement

(b) spring constant

(d) All of these

34. The vibrational time period of spring mass system is 11107069

(a) 2p (b)

35. The quantity which indicates the state and direction of motion is 11107070

(a) Phase (b) Frequency

36. The length of second pendulum is at the surface of moon 11107071

(a) 0.25m (b) 0.35m

37. When pendulum is at extreme position, then acceleration is11107072

(a) Maximum (b) Zero

38. If mass of the bob of a pendulum is halved, the time period will be

11107073

(a) Halved (b) Double

39. The time period of a simple pendulum depends upon length and

11107074

(a) Mass (b) Velocity

40. The frequency of second’s pendulum is 11107075

(a) 0.5Hz (b) 1Hz

41. If length of simple pendulum becomes one fourth then its time period 11107076

(a) Half (b) Twice

42. A system experiencinglarge damping, will have 11107077

(a) Less sharpness

(b) More sharpness

(d) None of these

43. If mass of pendulum decreases then its time period 11107078

(a) Decreases

(b) Increases

(d) None of these

44. The amplitude of lead bob is much greater than that of 11107079

(a) Rubber bob of small size

(b) Pith ball of small size

(d) None of these

45. The K.E of mass is maximum when P.E of the spring is 11107080

(a) Maximum (b) Zero

46. The oscillation in which amplitude decreases with time is 11107081

(a) Damped

(b) Undamped

(d) Simple oscillation

47. When pendulum is at extreme position then its K.E. 11107082

(a) Maximum

(b) Zero

(d)None of these

48. If mass of bob of simple pendulum increases then its time period

(a) Decreases 11107083

(b) Increases

(d) None

49. Time period of simple pendulum is directly proportional to 11107084

(a) (b)

50. The frequency of waves produced in microwave oven is: 11107085

(a) 1435 Hz (b) 2450 MHz

51. If amplitude of a simple pendulum is increased by 4 times, the time period will be: 11107086

(a) Four times (b) Half

52. Which of the following is true:

11107087

(a) (b)

53. The tension in the string of the pendulum is maximum at: 11107088

(a) Extreme position

(b) Mean position

position

(d) None of them

54. Initial phase angle of oscillator when it displacement at is 11107089

(a) 30⁰ (b) 60⁰

55. The timeperiod of second's pendulum when the mass of bob is doubled. 11107090

(a)2sec (b)1sec

56. Oscillations of pendulum vibrating in air 11107091

(a)free oscillations

(b)Heavily damped oscillations

(d) Lightly damped oscillation

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. What is periodic motion? 11107092

Q2. What is restoring force? 11107093

Q3. What is phase? 11107094

Q4. What is angular frequency? 11107095

Q5. What is K.E of a vibrating mass attached to a spring? 11107096

Q6. What is resonance? 11107097

Q7. What is the frequency of second pendulum? (Board 2009) 11107098

Q8. What happens to time period if mass, in spring mass system, is increased? 11107099

Q9. What is the length of 2^nd pendulum? 11107100

Q10. What will be the effect on time period if mass of bob of pendulum is halved?

11107101

UNIT 8

WAVES

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The compressions and elongations are formed in 11108044

(a) Mechanical waves

(b) Longitudinal waves

(d) Transverse waves

2. Crests and troughs are formed in

(a) Stationary waves 11108045

(b) Matter waves

(d) Transverse waves

3. A surface passing through all the points having the same phase at a given instant is called 11108046

(a) Crest (b) Trough

4. Portion of the waves above the mean position is 11108047

(a) Crest (b) Trough

5. A one meter long string establishes two loops, waves length of the wave is_____. 11108048

(a) 1 m (b) 0.5 m

6. The ripple tank is used to study various features of 11108049

(a) Particle (b) Wave

7. The wave is used to transmit

11108050

(a) Mass (b) Weight

8. In transverse waves, the particles vibrate 11108051

(a) Parallel

(b) Perpendicular

(d) None

9. Transverse waves can’t be produced in 11108052

(a) metals (b) solids

10. Transverse and longitudinal waves are kinds of 11108053

(a) E.M waves

(b) Mechanical waves

(d) Matter waves

11. Waves produced over strings are

(a) E.M wave 11108054

(b) Mechanical

(d) Sound waves

12. The waves propagated due to oscillation of material particles are

(a) Sound 11108055

(b) Mechanical

(d) Partied waves

13. If amplitude of wave is doubled the energy becomes 11108056

(a) Four times (b) Twice

14. The distance between two consecutive troughs is 11108057

(a) Frequency

(b) Wave front

(d) Wave length

15. The portion of wave below the mean position is called 11108058

(a) Crest

(b) Trough

(d) Wave length

16. When a transverse wave is travelling through a denser medium, the phase shift of ______ radian takes place after reflection from rarer medium. 11108059

(a) 0^o (b) 90^o

17. The mechanical wave in the following is 11108060

(a) Sound (b) Light

18. The nature of water wave is

(a) Longitudinal 11108061

(b) Electromagnetic

(d) Transverse

19. The particles of medium in longitudinal wave vibrate11108062

(a) Along

(b) Perpendicular

(d) Inward

20. The nature of sound wave in air is

11108063

(a) Transverse (b)Longitudinal

21. The waves in which vibration of medium particlesis along the direction of propagation are

11108064

(a) Transverse (b) Sound waves

22. The ripples produced in still water are example of 11108065

(a) E.M waves

(b) Travelling waves

(d) Heat waves

23. High frequency radio waves used in radars travel _____ in water11108066

(a) Few meters

(b) Few kilometers

(d) No distance

24. The waves produced due to oscillation of electric and magneticfields are 11108067

(a) E.M waves

(b) Mechanical waves

(d) Light waves

25. The beats are result of: 11108068

(a) Interference

(b) Destructive interference

(d) None of above

26. The path difference is an odd integral multiple of half wavelength is for 11108069

(a) Constructive interference

(b) Destructive interference

(d) None of above

27. The path difference is an integral multiple of wavelength in11108070

(a) Constructive interference

(b) Constructive and destructive interference

(d) None of above

28. A tuning fork is a source of 11108071

(a) Light (b) Heat

29. The velocity of sound in vacuum is

(a) 340m/sec 11108072

(b) 332m/sec

(d) 0 m/sec

30. The sound of frequency lower than 20 hertz is called 11108073

(a) Super sonic

(b) Infrasonic

(d) Laser

31. Audible frequency range for dog is:

(a) 15 – 15,000 Hz 11108074

(b) 50 – 50,000 Hz

(d) 150 – 150,000 Hz

32. Normalhuman ear can listen sound between frequency 11108075

(a) 20-20000Hz

(b) 15-15000Hz

(d)200-20000Hz

33. The interference in which two waves cancel each other is 11108076

(a) Constructive (b) Destructive

34. At the closed end of an air column thereexist: 11108077

(a) Node (b) Anti node

35. The distance between two consecutive antinodes is 11108078

(a) l (b) 2l

36. The number of nodes between two consecutive antinodes are:11108079

(a) Two (b) Three

37. The point of maximum displacement on stationary wave is 11108080

(a) Anti node (b)Node

38. When a spring under tension is plucked at one end the wave generated is 11108081

(a) Longitudinal

(b) Transverse

(d) Compressional

39. The wavelength in terms of frequency and speed is 11108082

(a) l = (b) l =

40. A person moves with a speed half of speed of sound away from stationary source of sound. Then the frequency of sound waves heard by the person will 11108083

(a) Remain same

(b) Become double

(d) Become one fourth

41. As an empty test tube is filled with water, frequency of air column

(a) Decreases 11108084

(b) Remains same

(d) Decreases to zero

42. In which case Doppler’s effect is used 11108085

(a) Radar

(b) Sonar

(d) All of these

43. Ratio of the fundamental frequency of an open end and closed end organ pipe of same length is:

11108086

(a) 2:1 (b) 1:2

44. A vibrating string under certain tension produces 100vib/sec when Tension increase 4 times, the number of vibrations per second will become: 11108087

(a) 400 (b) 300

45. Energy is not carried by 11108088

(a) Transverse wave

(b) Longitudinal wave

(d)Stationary wave

46. The minimum length of an open end organ pipe to set up stationary waves is: 11108089

(a) (b)

47. In the formula for finding the speed of transverse wave in the string, the unit of m in SI is 11108090

(a) kg (b) kgm

48. The wave motion set up in any medium depends upon 11108091

(a) Elasticity (b) Inertia

49. Sound waves cannot propagate through 11108092

(a) Wall (b) Glass

50. A set of frequencies which are multiples of the fundamental frequency are called 11108093

(a) Doppler effect

(b) Nodal frequencies

(d) Harmonics

51. The pitch of sound depends upon:

(a) Intensity of sound 11108094

(b) Loudness of sound

(d) Frequency of sound

52. If a string is fixed at both ends vibrates in “n” loops, then wave-length in term of length ‘ ’ of string, is given by: 11108095

(a) (b)

53. In order to produce beat, the two sound waves should have: 11108096

(a) The same amplitude

(b) Slightly different amplitude

(d) Slightly different frequencies

54. Which one of the following media can transmit both transverse and longitudinal waves? 11108097

(a)Solid (b)Liquid

(c)Gas (d)Plasma

55. Longitudinal waves do not exhibit: 11108098

(a)Reflection (b)Refraction

(c)Diffraction (d)Polarization

56. The value of for diatomic gas is: 11108099

(a)1.67 (b)1.40

57. The oscillations in which amplitude decreased steadily with time are called: 11108100

(a)Natural Oscillations

(b)Free Oscillations

(c)Damped Oscillations

(d)Forced Oscillations

58. Beats can be heard when difference of frequency is not more than:

11108101

(a) 8Hz b) 10Hz

59. If number of nodes in open end organs pipes are 'N' then the number of antinodes are 11108102

(a) N (b) N-1

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. Define electromagnetic waves? 11108103

Q2. What are the mechanical waves?

11108104

Q3. What is intensity of wave? 11108105

Q4. What is node? 11108106

Q5. What is anti node? 11108107

Q6. What is effect of pressure on speed of sound? 11108108

Q7. What is effect of temperature on speed of sound? 11108109

Q8. What is effect of density on speed of sound? 11108110

Q9. What is condition of path difference for constructive interference? 11108111

Q10. What is condition of path difference for destructive interference? 11108112

Q11. What are the uses of beats? 11108113

Q12. How wave is reflected from denser medium? 11108114

Q13. How wave is reflected from rare medium?

11108115

Q14. In stationary waves upon what factor does number of loops depend? 11108116

Q15. What is difference between open and closed organ pipe? 11108117

UNIT 9

PHYSICAL OPTICS

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Wave theory of light was proposed by 11109040

(a) Newton

(b) Thomas Young

(d) Huygen

2. Light is a source which 11109041

(a) Create energy

(b) Destroy energy

(d) All of these

3. Sun emits 11109042

(a) Infrared light

(b) Visible light

(d) All of these

4. Huygen’s principle is used to explain the 11109043

(a) Speed of light

(b) Dispersion of light

(d) Reflection of light

5. What is the frequency of light whose wavelength is 5 ´ 10^-7 m?

(a) 5 ´ 10^-7 cps 11109044

(b) 3 ´ 10⁸ cps

(d)6 ´ 10¹⁴ cps

6. The direction in which light energy is carried is called a 11109045

(a) Wave front

(b)Locus

(d) None of these

7. Interference effects of light were detected by 11109046

(a) Thomas Young

(b) Newton

(d) Maxwell

8. The light spread from the point source in the form of 11109047

(a) Plane wave front

(b) Cylindrical wave front

(d) Spherical wave front

9. Electromagnetic waves transport

(a) Energy only 11109048

(b) Momentum only

(d) Momentum and disturbance

10. The velocity of light in air or vacuum is: 11109049

(a) 5 ´ 10⁸ m s^-1

(b) 3 ´ 10⁸ cm s^-1

(d) 3 ´ 10¹⁰ ms^-1

11. `Light reaches the earth from sun in nearly 11109050

(a) 15 min

(b) 10 min 20 sec

(d) 8 min 20 sec

12. Longitudinal waves do not exhibit

11109051

(a) Reflection (b) Refraction

13. The distance between two adjacent bright fringes in young experiment depends upon on 11109052

(a) Slits separation

(b)Distance between slits and screen

(d) All of these

14. One angstrom is equal to 11109053

(a) 10^-8 cm (b) 10^-6 m

15. Diffraction is a special type of11109054

(a) Polarization

(b) Interference

(d) None of these

16. Young’s double slit experiment proves 11109055

(a) Wave nature of light

(b) Particle nature of light

(d) None of these

17. Two light waves which are not coherent cannot 11109056

(a) Interference

(b) Be diffracted

(d) None of these

18. Which of the following rays cannot be polarized? 11109057

(a) Sound waves

(b) Light waves

(d) Infrared rays

19. Huygens’s principle is used to

11109058

(a) Explain polarization

(b) Locate the wave front

(d) Find the Index of refraction

20. At a very large distance from a point source we get 11109059

(a) An elliptical wave front

(b) A cylindrical wave front

(d) A plane wave front

21. In Young’s double slit experiment the condition for destructive interference is; 11109060

(a) d sinq = (m + ) l

(b) dsinq = ml

(d) 2d sinq = ml

22. In Young’s double slit experiment the fringe spacing (or fringe width) is equal to 11109061

(a) (b)

23. In Young’s double slit experiment, the positions of the bright fringes are given by 11109062

(a) y_m = (m + 1) l L/d

(b) y_m = m

(d) y_m = (m + )

24. The velocity of light was determined accurately by 11109063

(a) Newton (b) Michelson

25. Soap film in sunlight appears coloured due to 11109064

(a) Dispersion of light

(b) Diffraction of light

(d) interference of light

26. A white light beam when passed through a prism is 11109065

(a) Deviated (b) Diffracted

27. The appearance of colours in thin films is due to 11109066

(a) Diffraction (b) Dispersion

28. When a ray of light enters glass from air 11109067

(a) Its wave length increases

(b) Its wave length decreases

(d) Its frequency decreases

29. The blue of the sky is due to11109068

(a) Diffraction of light

(b) Interference of light

(d) Scattering of light

30. Newton’s rings are formed due to

11109069

(a) Diffraction of light

(b) Interference of light

(d) Reflection of light

31. The phase change of 180^o is equal to the path difference of 11109070

(a) l (b) l/2

32. The equation for Michelson’s interferometer is 11109071

(a) L = 2ml (b) L = ml

33. Newton rings are the result of

(a) Diffraction 11109072

(b) Destructive interference

(d) Constructive and destructive interference

34. Diffraction effect is 11109073

(a) More for a round edge

(b) Less for a round edge

(d) Less for a cylindrical shape

35. We get light inside a room in a day time due to 11109074

(a) Interference (b)Polarization

36. The wave length of x-rays is of the order of 11109075

(a) 10 (b) 1000

37. If 5000 lines per cm are ruled on a diffraction grating then the slit spacing will be 11109076

(a) 5 ´ 10^-3 (b) 0.02m

38. Polarization of light shows that light is 11109077

(a) Corpuscular in nature

(b) Of extremely short waves

(d) Transverse waves

39. A Polaroid is 11109078

(a) A device used in polarimeter

(b) A light filter

(c)A device used to analyze polarized light

(d) All of these

40. light on passing through a Polaroid is 11109079

(a) Plane polarized

(b) Unpolarized

(d) Elliptically polarized

41. A typical diffraction grating has about 400 to 5000 lines per:11109080

(a) Meter (b) Millimeter

42. Electromagnetic waves are produced by 11109081

(a) Accelerated bodies

(b) Charges at rest

(d) Charges in uniform motion

43. For getting more order of spectra by diffraction grating 11109082

(a) Number of lines are increased

(b) Number of lines are decreased

(d) All of these

44. The path difference “Ds” for constructive interference should be

11109083

(a) Ds= (b)Ds = 3

where m = 0,+ 1, + 2, +3,……….

45. Interference produced by the reflected light is destructive if the thickness of the thin film is11109084

(a) Very small

(b) Approximately zero

(d)

46. The direction of propagation of light ray is 11109085

(a) Parallel to the spherical wave front

(b) Parallel to the plane wave front

(d) Independent of the plane of the wave front

47. The conditions for different orders of minima on either side of centre of diffraction pattern of narrow slit are given by 11109086

(a) d sinq = 2ml(b) d sinq = ml

48. Light can be polarized by 11109087

(a) Selective Absorption

(b) Reflection

(d) All of these

49. Polarization of an electromagnetic wave is determined with 11109088

(a) Electric field vector

(b) Magnetic field vector

(d) Nuclear field vector

50. We can polarize the light by passing it through 11109089

(a) Glass (b) Polaroid

51. Polarized sun glasses decrease glare on sunny day because they11109090

(a) Completely absorb the light

(b) Have a special colour.

(d) Block a portion of light

52. An unpolarized beam of transverse wave is that whose vibrations

11109091

(a) Are confined to a single plane

(b) Takes place in all direction

(d) Take place in direction parallel to the direction of propogation.

53. The Bragg’s equation for the diffraction of x-rays through crystals is: 11109092

(a) 2d sin q = nl (b) l sinq = nd

54. Two sources are said to be coherent if they have 11109093

(a) Same amplitude

(b)Same wave length

(d) No phase relationship with each other

55. Light waves are 11109094

(a) Transverse waves

(b) Longitudinal waves

(d) Similar to sound waves

56. Wave length of red colour is ______ to that of violet colour is: 11109095

(a) Equal (b) Smaller

57. Precision of Michelson interferometer is 11109096

(a) 100 nm (b) 10^-4 mm

58. 1,55,3163.5 wavelengths of red cadmium light is equal to 11109097

(a) 1mm (b) 1nm

59. In Michelson interferometer if the moveable mirror is moved by then the path difference between two waves will be 11109098

(a) l (b)

60. Optically active crystals are11109099

(a) Quartz

(b) Sodium Chlorate

(d) Both(a) and (b)

61. When one mirror of a Michelson interferometer is moved a distance of 0.5mm, 2000 fringes are observed. The wave length of light used is 11109100

(a) 5000m (b) 5000

62. The process of confining the beam of light to vibrate in one plane is called: 11109101

(a) Interference

(b) Diffraction

(d) Total internal reflection

63. Bending of light around the edges of an obstacle is called: 11109102

(a) Refraction

(b) Polarization

(d) Diffraction

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. What are the optically active crystals?

11109103

Q2. Why central spot of Newton Rings is dark? 11109104

Q3.What is the advantage of using diffraction grating? 11109105

Q4. Give the uses of X-ray diffraction by crystal. 11109106

Q5. 4000 lines/cm has been ruled on a diffraction grating find its grating element.

11109107

Q6. Name three processes which confirms the wave theory of light. 11109108

Q7.When interference of light takes place in thin film the path difference depends upon two factors, what are those? 11109109

Q8. What is the function of polarizer and analyzer? 11109110

Q9. What do you mean by Polaroid?

(Board 2008) 11109111

Q.10 What are the two differences between interference and diffraction?(Board 2008)11109112

UNIT 10

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Power of any lens would be exactly one diopter when its focal length is

(a) 0.1m (b) 0.1cm 11110036

2. The diameter of a lens is called

(a)Focal length 11110037

(b) Principle axis

(d) Aperture

3. Least distance of distinct vision for normal human eye is 11110038

(a) 25m (b) 25cm

4. The resolving power of diffraction grating of “N” number of rulings is expressed as 11110039

(a) R = N+m (b) R=

5. The unit of power of a lens is

(a) Metre (b) Watt 11110040

6. Michelson’s equation for speed of light is 11110041

(a) c = 16 fd (b) c =

7. Which of the following cannot produce real image 11110042

(a) Concave lens(b) Convex lens

8. The focal length of a convex lens is

(a) Negative 11110043

(b) Positive

(d) Neither positive nor negative

9. Ratio of focal length of objective to the focal length of eye-piece is equal to magnification of: 11110044

(a) Telescope (b) Microscope

10. Image formed by a Concave Lens is

11110045

(a) Virtual, erect and equal in size to the object

(b) Virtual, erect and small in size to the object

(d) Real, inverted and magnified

11. Diameter of multimode graded index fiber is 11110046

(a) 50-1000mm (b) 50mm

12. If Magnifying power of lens is 3 then, its focal length 11110047

(a) 25cm (b) 12.5cm

13. 1.33 is the refractive index of11110048

(a) Air (b) Water

14. When object is, in between convex lens and its focus, the image formed is 11110049

(a) Always real and erect image

(b)Always virtual and inverted image

(d) Virtual and erect.

15. If Focal length of a lens is 5cm then power of lens in dipoter is11110050

(a) 5 (b) 10

16. Linear magnification is given by the ratio of 11110051

(a)Size of the object/size of the image

(b)Size of the image/Size of the object

(d) Size of the image / focal length

17. If a single convex lens is placed close to eye, then it is being used as 11110052

(a) Telescope (b) Microscope (c)Magnifying glass

(d) None of these

18. The magnifying power of a simple microscope (magnifying glass) is

11110053

(a) M = 10 + f/d (b) M = 1-f/d

19. The length of anAstronomical telescope is given by 11110054

(a) fo + fe (b) fo - fe

20. In Astronomical telescope, eye– piece is a 11110055

(a) Convex lens

(b) Concave lens

(d)Plano-concave lens

21. In terrestrial telescope, the number of lenses are used 11110056

(a) 2 (b) 4

22. A spectrometer is used to study

(a) Spectrum 11110057

(b) Crystal

(d) Both (a) and (c)

23. In single mode step index fibre, light used is 11110058

(a) White

(b) Monochromatic

(d) Red & Blue

24. A spectrometer is used to find

11110059

(a) Wave length of light

(b) Refractive index of the prism

(c)Wave length of different colours

(d) All of these

25. In spectrometer the collimator is used to 11110060

(a) Convert divergent ray into parallel rays

(b) Disperse the beam

(c)Reflect the beam

(d) None of these

26. What is the value of angle traversed by octagonal mirror during the time in which reflected ray make one round trip? 11110061

(a) (b)

27. Snell’s law is given as 11110062

(a) n₁₂ =

(b) n₁₂ =

(d) All of these

28. The resolving power is expressed by a formula 11110063

(a) R = 1.22 (b) R= 1.22

29. In case of diffraction grating the resolving power R is given as11110064

(a) R = (b) R =

30. In compound microscope the focal length of objective is 11110065

(a) Small

(b) Large

(d) Both (a) and (b)

31. The scientist who made first attempt to measure the speed of light was 11110066

(a) Huygen (b) Galileo

32. Speed of light in vacuum or in air is

(a) 3 ´ 10⁹ ms^-1 11110067

(b) 3´10⁸ms^-1

(d) 3 ´ 10⁷ms^-1

33. An optical fibre with its protective case may be typically 11110068

(a) 6.0 cm (b) 6 mm

34. Totally confined light in optical fiber is obtained by

11110069

(a) Total internal reflection

(b) continuousrefraction

(d) None of these

35. For glass-air boundry, the value of critical angle q_C11110070

(a) 41.5^o (b) 41^o

36. How many types of optical fibres are? 11110071

(a) Two types (b) Three types

37. Types of optical fibres are 11110072

(a) Single mode graded index

(b) Multi mode step index

(c)Multi mode graded index

(d) All of these

38. The diameter of single mode step fibre core is 11110073

(a) 10mm (b) 30mm

39. How many TV channels can be carried by single mode step index fibre 11110074

(a) 10 (b) 12

40. The light emitted from LED has a wave length (Board 2015)11110075

(a) 1.3mm (b) 1.2mm

41. Digital modulation is expressed as

(a) Megabits 11110076

(b) Bits

(d) Both (a) and (b)

42. The unit of magnifying power is

(a) J 11110077

(b)Dioptre

(d)Has no unit

43. Light entering glass will not suffer change in 11110078

(a) Frequency (b) Wave length

44. Which of the following gives erect image? 11110079

(a) Simple microscope

(b) Galilean telescope

(d) All of these

45. Which of the following is the optical instrument? 11110080

(a) Sphygmomanometer

(b) Telescope

(d) None of these

46. Chromatic aberration is found in

(a) Mirror only 11110081

(b) Lenses only

(d) None of these

47. The focal length ‘f’ and radius of curvature are related by 11110082

(a) f = 2R (b) R = 2f

48. If we know refractive index of glass, the speed “v” of light in the glass can be found by 11110083

(a) v = nc (b) v =

49. A ray of light passing from a denser to rarer medium 11110084

(a) Bends towards normal

(b) Bends away from a normal

(d) None of these

50. When a ray of light enters from a medium of high refractive index to that of lower refractive index, speed of light 11110085

(a) Decreases

(b) Increases

(d) None of these

51. Material having high refractive index has 11110086

(a) Low density

(b) High density

(d) Very low density

52. In optical fibre ______ waves acts as transmission carrier waves 11110087

(a) Light (b) Sound

53. We know that q₂ = 90° when
q₁ = qc, then Snell’s law takes the form 11110088

(a) Sin q_c =

(b) Sin q_c = n₁ n₂

(d) None of above

54. High energy x-rays and radio waves differ in 11110089

(a) Speed

(b) Frequency

(d) Both (b) & (c)

55. The optical fiber is covered for protection by a 11110090

(a) Glass Jacket

(b) Plastic Jacket

(d) Aluminum Jacket

56. If magnifying power of magnifying glass is 3, then focal length will be:

(a) 25 cm 11110091

(b) 12.5 cm (c) 5 cm

(d) 3 cm

57. Inthe newer systems of fiber optics, signals are regenerated by placing repeaters, which may be separated by as much as: 11110092

(a)30 km (b)50 km

58. The final image formed by simple microscope is: 11110093

(a)Virtual and inverted

(b)Virtual and erect

(c)Real and erect

(d)Real and inverted

59. The refractive index of water is 1.33. The speed of light in water is:

11110094

(a) (b)

60. A layer over the central core of the fiber is called: 11110095

(a)Jacket (b)Plastic

(c)Cladding (d)Rubber

61. Magnifying power of telescope is:

11110096

(a) (b)

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. Certain optical fibre has core and cladding. Which part has lower refractive index? 11110097

Q2. What is the condition for the source of light to become visible in Michelson rotating mirror method? 11110098

Q3. What is the repeater? Why is it necessary in the optical fibre communication system? 11110099

Q4. What are major components of optical fibre communication system? 11110100

Q5. Mention two points of preference of light waves over radio wave for carrying the communication signal. 11110101

Q6. What change is useful for increasing the efficiency of telescope? 11110102

Q7.What is spectrometer? Give its two uses. (Board 2015) 11110103

Q8. Audio signal is modulated and after passing an optical fibre it is decoded.What is meant by this? 11110104

Q9. Define refractive index. (Board 2008)11110105

Q10. What is Snell’s law?(Board 2008)11110106

Q11. Why objective of short focal length is preferred for Microscope?(Board 2008)11110107

UNIT 11

HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to kinetic theory of gases, a finite volume of a gas consists of very: 11111053

(a) Large number of molecules

(b) Small number of molecules

(d) None of these

2. According to kinetic theory of gases, the size of the molecule is 11111054

(a) Much smaller than the separation between molecules

(b) Much larger than the separation between molecules

(d) None

3. The gas molecules are in 11111055

(a) Linear motion

(b) Random motion

(d) Circulatory motion

4. Collision between gas molecules are perfectly 11111056

(a)Inelastic (b) Elastic

(d) All of these

5. The expression for the pressure exerted by a gas is 11111057

(a)<½ mv²>

(b) N_o<½ mv²>

(d) N_o R <½ mv²>

6. Pressure of a gas is directly proportional to average 11111058

(a) Potential energy

(b) Rotational energy

(d) Compressed P.E

7. The expression for ideal gas law is

(a) PV = nRT 11111059

(b) = nR

(d) None of these

8. “R” is called 11111060

(a) Universal constant

(b) Universal per molecule constant

(d) All of the above

9. The value of “R” is 11111061

(a) 8.314 J.mol^-1K^-1

(b) 8314J (kmol)^-1(K)^-1

(d) None of these

10. k = , Where k in called 11111062

(a) Rydsburg constant

(b) Boltzman constant

(d) Planck’s constant

11. The value of Boltzman constant is

(a) 1.38 x 10²³ J.K^-111111063

(b) 1.8 x 10^-21 J.K^-1

(d) 1.38 x 10^-25 J.K^-1

12. The expression for absolute temperature of a gas is 11111064

(a) <½ mv²>(b)k<½ mv²>

13. Boyle’s law states that “the volume of a given mass of a gas is_____.”

11111065

(a) Directly proportional to temperature

(b) Inversely proportional to temperature

(d) Inversely proportion to pressure

14. The expression for Boyle’s law is

(a) V µT 11111066

(b) P.V= constant

(d) None

15. Charles’ law states that the volume of a given mass of a gas 11111067

(a) Directly proportional to pressure

(b) Directly proportional to temperature

(d) Inversely proportional to temperature

16. The expression for Charles’ law is

(a) V µ T 11111068

(b) = constant

(c)= constant

(d) both(a)&(b)

17. Temperature of human body on Kelvin scale is 11111069

(a) 273 K (b) 373 K

18. Hotness or coldness of an object is expressed in the terms of 11111070

(a) Heat

(b) Temperature

(d) Chemical energy

19. Something which flows from a hot body to cold body is known as

(a) Specific heat 11111071

(b) Internal energy

(d) Heat

20. In all natural processes where heat flows from one system to another, there is always a net increase in 11111072

(a) Pressure (b) Volume

21. The efficiency of carnot engine is always 11111073

(a) Greater than real engine

(b) Less than real engine

(d) None of these

22. Mercury thermometer was invented by 11111074

(a) Rutherford (b) Joule

23. Efficiency of diesel engine is: 11111075

(a) 35% to 40% (b)25% to 30%

24. In temperature scales, one hundred centigrade degrees are equal to

(a) 373 K 11111076

(b) 273 K (c) 180^oF

(d) 100^oF

25. A gas molecule ‘x’ moving with speed 100 m/s suffers elastic collision with another molecule ‘y’ of the same gas which is moving with the speed 150m/s, than after collision. 11111077

(a) speed of both molecules will be 125 m/s

(b) speed of ‘y’ will be 125 m/s

(c)speed of ‘x’ molecule will be 125 m/s

(d) speed of ‘x’ molecule will be 150 m/s

26. Which one is not an isothermal change 11111078

(a) melting of solid

(b) boiling of liquid

(d) Slow of expansion of gas

27. The kinetic molecular theory of gas suggests that average K.E. per molecular is: 11111079

(a) (b) kT

28. The efficiency of carnot engine depends upon 11111080

(a) Sink temperature

(b) Source temperature

(d) The working substance

29. 400J of heat causes the change in internal energy equal to 300J, Then work done is 11111081

(a) 100J (b) 200J

30. The temperature of normal human body is 98.6^oF. The temperature on degree centigrade scale is 11111082

(a) 0^oC (b) 37^oC

31. The sum of all forms of molecular energies of substance is termed as

(a) Kinetic energy 11111083

(b) Potential energy

(d) None

32. Internal energy of a substance, is directly proportional to 11111084

(a) Temperature (b) Heat

33. Internal energy is similar to the

(a) Elastic P.E 11111085

(b) Gravitational P.E

(d) All of these

34. If amount of heat enters into the system, the internal energy11111086

(a) Increases

(b) Decreases

(d) None of these

35. Work done by the system is taken as 11111087

(a) Positive

(b) Negative

(d) None of these

36. What can be calculated from the curve under PV graph? 11111088

(a) Heat

(b) Temperatures

(d) Force

37. The expression Q = (u + W) is the mathematical representation of

11111089

(a) 1^stlaw of thermodynamics

(b) 2^ndLaw of thermodynamics

(d) Zero law of thermodynamics

38. The process which is carried out at constant temperature is called

(a) Adiabatic process 11111090

(b) Isothermal process

(d) Isobaric process

39. The expression of 1^st lawof thermodynamic for isothermal process is 11111091

(a) Q = Du (b) Du = W

40. The process in which no heat enters or leaves the system is known as

(a) Isothermal process 11111092

(b) Adiabatic process

(d) Isobaric process

41. The expression of I^st Law of Thermodynamics for adiabatic process is 11111093

(a) Q = Du + w

(b) W = - Du

(d) Q = Du

42. Adiabatic change occurs when the gas expands or compressed11111094

(a) Slowly (b) Rapidly

43. g is the ratio of the molar specific heat capacities of the gas and is equal to 11111095

(a) (b)

44. The curve representing an adiabatic process is called 11111096

(a) Isotherm

(b) Adiabat

(d) None of these

45. What will be efficiency of Carnot engine when it is operated between 47°C and 127°C? 11111097

(a) 20% (b) 50%

46. The unknown temperature T on the thermodynamic scale in Kelvin is given by the formulae 11111098

(a) T = 273.16

(b) T = 273.16

(d) All of these

47. No entropy change is associated with 11111099

(a) Isothermal process

(b) Adiabatic process

(d) Isochoric process

48. The process in which entropy remain constant is 11111100

(a) Reversible cycle process

(b) Irreversible cycle process

(d) None of these

49. Change in entropy is maximum when temperature of source is _______ that of sink 11111101

(a) Greater than (b) Less than

50. c_p – c_v and are respectively equal to 11111102

(a) (b)

51. A system does 600J of work and at the same time has its internal energy increased by 320J. How much heat has been supplied?

(Board 2015) 11111103

(a) 280 J (b) 920 J

52. Which is/are true for adiabatic process: 11111104

(a) = constant

(b) = constant

53. Working cycle of a typical petrol engine consists of: 11111105

(a)Two strokes

(b)Four strokes

(c)Six strokes

(d)Eight strokes

54. The value of triple point of water is: 11111106

(a) 373.16 K (b)273.16 K

55. The efficiency of a petrol engine is about: 11111107

(a)25 – 30% (b)30 – 35%

56. Which is not example of adiabatic process? 11111108

(a)Rapid escape of air from burst tyre

(b)Rapid expansion of air

(c)Conversion of water into ice in refrigerator

(d)Cloud formation in the atmosphere

57. Carnot cycle is: 11111109

(a)Reversible (b)Irreversible

(c)Both (d)None of these

58. Number of spark plugs needed in the diesel engine is: 11111110

(a) 0 (b) 1

Answers to Short Questions

Q1. There is a huge reservoir of energy in ocean but we cannot use it. Explain.

11111111

Q2. Give four examples of a natural process that involve an increase in entropy. 11111112

Q3. What is difference between universal gas constant and Boltzman constant?

11111113

Q4. Is heat energy is a state variable? Explain. 11111114

Q5. Why must more work be done when gas is heated at constant pressure than constant volume? 11111115

Q6. What is the effect on efficiency of carnot engine, if temperature of the sink only is decreased? 11111116

h = 1 - =

Q7. What is the triple point of water? Define the unit Kelvin on this base.

(Board 2015) 11111117

Q8. What is the limitation of 1^st law of Thermodynamic which is covered by II law? 11111118

Q9. What is net change in the Entropy of a system when a Carnot cycle is completed?

11111119

Q10. What is meant by metabolism? Apply 1^st law of thermodynamic to explain it. 11111120

Q11. Why does the temperature drop in expansion? 11111121

Causative

11th Physics Objective

Q8. What is the function of polarizer and analyzer? 11109110

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